Consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with other risk behaviors among adolescents in Northeast Brazil

Abstract

Objetive: to determine the prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables and identify the association with low level of physical activity, exposure to sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks and overweight/obesity in adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional school-based study with a representative sample of 3992 students aged 14---19 years from the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The outcome was low consumption of fruits and vegetables (<5servings/day). Independent variables were: level of physical activity, sedentary behavior, consumption of soft drinks, and overweight/obesity. Global Student Health Survey questionnaire and body mass and height measurements were used, as well as chi-square test and crude and adjusted binary logistic regression. The significance level adopted was 5%. The prevalence of inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables was high --- 88.6% (95%CI=87.6---89.5). Higher likelihood of low consumption of fruits and vegetables was verified among boys who were exposed to sedentary behavior (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.18---2.24), who con-sumed soft drinks (OR=3.04; 95%CI=2.10---4.40), with insufficiently physical activity (OR=1.98; 95%CI=1.43---2.73) and girls who consumed soft drinks (OR=1.88; 95%CI=1.43---2.47) and those with overweight/obesity (OR=1.63; 95%CI=1.19---2.23). Conclusions: There is a need of public policies aimed at encouraging the consumption of healthy foods among adolescents.